6. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the Smart Parking System with a MERN (MongoDB, Express, React, Node.js) website, operating without IoT, represents a practical and cost-effective solution for efficient parking management. This system prioritizes manual data management, user convenience, and operational control to provide a seamless parking experience for both parking facility operators and users. By offering real-time parking availability information, user-friendly interfaces, and reservation features, this system addresses the challenges of urban parking and helps users save time and reduce stress. Administrators benefit from the ability to monitor and manage parking operations, generate reports, and ensure the smooth flow of vehicles in and out of parking facilities. Security and data privacy are paramount in this system, ensuring that user data remains protected. Additionally, the flexibility of the system allows for future enhancements and updates, making it adaptable to changing user needs and em